To be sustainable, development must be economically viable, socially just and environmentally correct. We have already criticized the standard model. But we must be fair. There have been analysts and thinkers who have noticed the deficiencies of this tripod, and have added other complimentary pillars. Let us examine some.
Conduct of the sustainable mind.
For there to be sustainable development, there must first be created a new mental scheme, which its formulator, professor Evandro Vieira Ouriques of the School of Communications of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, has called, conduct of the sustainable mind. It attempts to revive the value of sensible reason, through which the human being is aware of being part of nature, imposes self-control to limit productivity and consumerism, and seeks an integral development, not only economic, but with human dimensions. It is an undeniable advance. It would be better if it understood the Earth-Humanity-Development as a unique and great interconnected system, creating a new paradigm.
Generosity:
Rogerio Ruschel, editor of the electronics magazine \”Business of the Good\”, added another pillar: the ethical category of generosity. It is founded on a basic anthropologic fact: the human being does not just egotistically seek his individual good; the human being is much more of a social being, who puts the common good above the individual good or the interests of others at the same level as himself. Generous is the person who shares, who distributes knowledge and experiences, expecting nothing in return. A society is human when it goes beyond a necessary justice, to incorporate the generosity and spirit of cooperation of its citizens.
For Ruschel, generosity is in direct opposition to the basic tenet of speculative capital, that greed is good, namely, profit is good. Profit is not good, it is perverse, because it has almost destroyed the whole world economic system. There is in generosity something true, because it is specifically human. In the metaphor of the Marcondes journalist of the UN “Envolverde”, a distinction must be made between simple philanthropy and generosity, social responsibility and sustainability. Philantropy gives a fish to the one who is hungry; social responsibility teaches him how to fish; and sustainability cares for the river and allows for fishing and, with the fish, overcomes hunger. However, it seems to us that generosity alone is insufficient. It requires other solutions, such as overcoming inequality and the practices of consumption, and developing a concern for the community of life, that must also be nourished and preserved.
Culture:
In 2001, Australian John Hawkes launched «the fourth pillar of sustainability: the essential function of culture in public planning». In Brazil, credit goes to Ana Carla Fonseca Reis, founder of the enterprise, “Seeking Solutions” and author of the book, Economics of Sustainable Culture and Development, who has taken it on, and spread it through her many courses and lectures. This aspect of culture is fundamental, because it contains principles and values absent from the standard concept of sustainability. It favors cultivating such typically human dimensions as social cohesion, arts, religion, creativity and the sciences. It eliminates the obsession with profit, and is in better harmony with the logic of nature. As it happens, the dimension of culture has been kidnapped by commercial interests. It can only be truly efficacious when, liberated, it develops a creative relationship with nature.
The neuroplasticity of the brain:
Scientists have come to recognize that the neuronal structure of the brain is extremely plastic. Through critical analysis to the consumerist system, one can create habits of moderation, respectful of the cycles of nature. The brain co-evolves according to the exterior evolution, thus creating a relationship of inter-dependency.
And, finally, the essential caring:
I myself have developed the category of caring as essential for sustainability. As presented in two texts –Essential Caring: ethics of the human–compassion for the Earth (1999) and The necessary Caring (2012)–, I understand caring as a cosmological and biological constant. The details can be found in the afore-mentioned books.
In this phase of the search for more adequate means of guaranteeing the sustainability of the Earth and the future of our species, all contributions are welcome, and they always shed some light.